in the corpus, Archilochuses, since parodies of and allusions to Archilochus can be found throughout the fragments. Archilochus was the first and greatest of the iambic poets, whose poems contained abusive language, colloquial and obscene language, and a “target” or victim of the poet’s alleged wrath. Old Comedy and iambic poetry have much in common, and it was very probably Cratinus who first developed this feature into a fine art in comedy. One of Cratinus’ targets was Pericles, and on one school of thought Pericles and his political policies are the target of what can only be called “satire.” Cratinus called Pericles “Zeus” (F 73, ), and on this reading just about any mention of Zeus is meant to stand for Pericles and whole comedies are reconstructed with a political subtext (e.g., Dionysalexander, Nemesis). I would be more cautious here. I do not see Cratinus as out to “get” Pericles in the same way that Aristophanes attacks Cleon, and I suspect that political comedy on a larger and ad hominem scale had to wait for the new poets of the s, in particular for Aristophanes with his Knights ().
Cratinus was fond of the mythological burlesque, as one-third of the titles suggest a
Cratino
O ateniense Cratino (gr. ) era um dos três grandes mestres da comédia antiga ateniense, e bem mais velho do que Êupolis e Aristófanes, esse último um de seus maiores rivais.
Biografia
De sua vida pessoal sabemos apenas que foi , que o nome de seu pai era Calimedes e que em seus últimos anos era dado a bebedeiras. Só conhecemos esse último fato, no entanto, a partir das comédias de Aristófanes e de outros poetas cômicos rivais, e por isso é provável que se trate apenas de uma anedota sem fundamento histórico (Heath, , p. ).
Venceu os concursos cômicos em nove ocasiões, seis vezes nas Dionísias Urbanas e três vezes nas Leneias. Suas únicas datas bem conhecidas se referem a duas vitórias nas Dionísias Urbanas, uma por volta de e outra em , e a um segundo lugar nas Leneias de Cratino faleceu entre e , em idade bastante avançada.
Fontes: IG II2 Ar. Ach. , Eq. , Pax. Luc. Macr. Suda, s.v. gr. .
Características
Seu estilo era um tanto rude e abusado, e os cantos corais de suas comédias eram particularmente apreciados. Vários trechos musicais se tornaram canções populares (v.g. Doro das sandálias de sicofanta e Artífices de hinos bem modelados, Ar. Eq..
Cratino
(Atenas, a.C., - a.C.) Comediógrafo ateniense. Hijo de Calimedes, fue el mayor poeta de la comedia ática arcaica anterior a Aristófanes; por ello, en la época helenística se le situó en la tríada de los grandes autores cómicos, junto a Eupoli y al ya citado Aristófanes. Escribió veintiuna comedias de carácter satírico, dirigidas contra los políticos y la relajación de las costumbres. Su última obra, El botijo, triunfó en el certamen del año sobre Las nubes de Aristófanes.
Cratino nació en Atenas probablemente entre y a. de C., y, según Aristófanes, murió "en tiempos de la invasión espartana" del Ática, o sea en Sin embargo, esta afirmación es sin duda aproximada, pues se sabe que la obra de Cratino El botijo, la última y acaso la más bella de sus obras cómicas, data indudablemente de ; Cratino debió acaso de morir uno o dos años después. Su longevidad queda atestiguada por el seudo-Luciano (Macrob., 25); por lo demás, el mismo Aris
MARTIN, ABRAHAM (dit“l’Écossais”or“Maître Abraham”), pilot; b. in France; d. 8 Sept. at Quebec.
Martin arrived in New France with his wife, Marguerite Langlois, her sister Françoise and brother-in-law Pierre Desportes (the parents of Hélène Desportes) about Martin may have been of Scottish descent or he might have used the sobriquet if he had been enrolled in military service or had been a member of an illegal organization: such names were used to avoid detection by officials looking for deserted soldiers or in case the records of an illegal organization were seized. It is also possible that he acquired the name because he had made several voyages to Scotland as a young man. There is some question as to whether Martin was really an official pilot or not, although he was referred to as “king’s pilot” in his own day. However, he did fish well down into the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
It is presumed that the Plains (or Heights) of Abraham are named after Martin. It is picturesquely said that the “Côte d’Abraham” was the path that Martin used to descend to the St. Charles River to water his animals. His property amounted to 32 acres in all, 12 received
Biographies you may also like
Dean martin biography death What is Dean Martin's legacy? Dean Martin passed away on December 25, , but his legacy endures. Today, he is remembered as a legendary entertainer, both for his role .
Shellie morris biography of martin luther king Martin Luther King Jr was one of America’s most influential civil rights activists. His passionate, but non-violent protests, helped to raise awareness of racial inequalities in America, leading to Missing: shellie morris.
Prabhjot splitsvilla biography of martin Who was the winner of MTV Splitsvilla’s sixth season? Season 6 was achieved by Paramvir Singh and Mandy Debbarma. Suggested Reads: MTV Splitsvilla Season 1: Judges, Missing: martin.
Phyliss hyman biography Phyllis Linda Hyman (July 6, – June 30, ) was an American singer-songwriter and actress. Phyllis Hyman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and grew up in the St. Clair .
Amelia earhart biography plane pilot Amelia Mary Earhart was an American aviation pioneer. On July 2, , she disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to become the first female pilot to circumnavigate the world. During her life, Earhart embraced celebrity culture and women's rights, and since her disappearance has become a global See more.
Vivian vande velde biography of barack VIVIAN VANDE VELDE is the author of eighteen books, including Heir Apparent; Never Trust a Dead Man, winner of the Edgar Award; and Smart Dog, winner of Tennessee's Volunteer Missing: barack.